Neuropathies related to hepatitis E virus infection : a prospective, matched case–control study
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Ripellino, Paolo
ORCID
Department of Neurology, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland EOC, Lugano, Switzerland - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland
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Lascano, Agustina Maria
Neurology Division, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University Hospitals of Geneva and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
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Scheidegger, Olivier
ORCID
Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland
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Schilg-Hafer, Lenka
Department of Neurology, Cantonal Hospital, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Schreiner, Bettina
Department of Neurology, University and Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
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Tsouni, Pinelopi
Service de Neurologie, Hôpital du Valais, Sion, Switzerland
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Vicino, Alex
ORCID
Nerve-Muscle Unit, Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
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Peyer, Anne-Kathrin
Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland - Neuroliestal, Liestal, Switzerland
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Humm, Andrea Monika
Department of Medicine, Neurology Unit, HFR Fribourg Cantonal Hospital, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Décard, Bernhard Friedrich
Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
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Pianezzi, Enea
Laboratory of Microbiology EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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Zezza, Giulia
Laboratory of Microbiology EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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Sparasci, Davide
ORCID
Department of Neurology, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
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Hundsberger, Thomas
Department of Neurology, Cantonal Hospital, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Dietmann, Anelia
ORCID
Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland
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Jung, Hans
Department of Neurology, University and Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
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Kuntzer, Thierry
Nerve-Muscle Unit, Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
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Wilder-Smith, Einar
Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland - Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
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Martinetti-Lucchini, Gladys
Laboratory of Microbiology EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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Petrini, Orlando
ORCID
University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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Fontana, Stefano
Blood Transfusion Service SRC Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland - Interregional Blood Transfusion SRC, Bern, Switzerland
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Gowland, Peter
Interregional Blood Transfusion SRC, Bern, Switzerland
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Niederhauser, Christoph
Interregional Blood Transfusion SRC, Bern, Switzerland - Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Switzerland
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Gobbi, Claudio
ORCID
Department of Neurology, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland EOC, Lugano, Switzerland - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland
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Published in:
- European journal of neurology. - 2023, vol. 31, no. 1
English
Background: acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection has recently emerged as a potential trigger for acute dysimmune neuropathies, but prospective controlled studies are lacking. Aims: to compare the frequency of concomitant acute HEV infection in patients with neuralgic amyotrophy (NA), Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS), and Bell's palsy with a matched control population. Methods: Swiss multicenter, prospective, observational, matched case–control study over 3 years (September 2019–October 2022). Neurological cases with NA, GBS, or Bell's palsy were recruited within 1 month of disease onset. Healthy controls were matched for age, sex, geographical location, and timing of blood collection. Diagnostic criteria for acute hepatitis E were reactive serum anti-HEV IgM and IgG assays (ELISA test) and/or HEV RNA detection in serum by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RT-PCR was performed on sera to confirm IgM positivity. Results: we included 180 patients (59 GBS, 51 NA, 70 Bell's palsy cases) and corresponding matched controls (blood donors) with median age 51 years for both groups and equal gender distribution. Six IgM+ cases were detected in the NA, two in the GBS, and none in the Bell's palsy group. Two controls were anti-HEV IgM-positive. At disease onset, most cases with acute HEV infection had increased liver enzymes. A moderate association (p = 0.027, Fisher's exact test; Cramér's V = −0.25) was observed only between acute HEV infection and NA. Conclusion: this prospective observational study suggests an association between concomitant acute HEV infection and NA, but not with GBS or Bell's palsy.
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Medicine
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CC BY-NC
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hybrid
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https://n2t.net/ark:/12658/srd1330471
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