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Molinari_2024_Wiley_Traffic_Fluorescent Reporters Imaging
Journal article

Fluorescent reporters, imaging, and artificial intelligence toolkits to monitor and quantify autophagy, heterophagy, and lysosomal trafficking fluxes

  • Rudinskiy, Mikhail ORCID Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland - Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
  • Morone, Diego ORCID Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland - Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland
  • Molinari, Maurizio ORCID Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland - École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
  • 2024
Published in:
  • Traffic. - 2024, vol. 25, no. 10
Artificial intelligence
Autophagy
Autophagy flux
Endolysosomes (EL)
ER-phagy
ER-to-lysosome-associated degradation (ERLAD)
Heterophagy
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSD)
Lysosomes
Tandem fluorescent reporters
English Lysosomal compartments control the clearance of cell-own material (autophagy) or of material that cells endocytose from the external environment (heterophagy) to warrant supply of nutrients, to eliminate macromolecules or parts of organelles present in excess, aged, or containing toxic material. Inherited or sporadic mutations in lysosomal proteins and enzymes may hamper their folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and their lysosomal transport via the Golgi compartment, resulting in lysosomal dysfunction and storage disorders. Defective cargo delivery to lysosomal compartments is harmful to cells and organs since it causes accumulation of toxic compounds and defective organellar homeostasis. Assessment of resident proteins and cargo fluxes to the lysosomal compartments is crucial for the mechanistic dissection of intracellular transport and catabolic events. It might be combined with high-throughput screenings to identify cellular, chemical, or pharmacological modulators of these events that may find therapeutic use for autophagy-related and lysosomal storage disorders. Here, discuss qualitative, quantitative and chronologic monitoring of autophagic, heterophagic and lysosomal protein trafficking in fixed and live cells, which relies on fluorescent single and tandem reporters used in combination with biochemical, flow cytometry, light and electron microscopy approaches implemented by artificial intelligence-based technology.
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Language
  • English
Classification
Medicine
License
CC BY-NC-ND
Open access status
hybrid
Identifiers
Persistent URL
https://n2t.net/ark:/12658/srd1330337
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