Coronavirus disease 2019, vaccination against coronavirus and immunoglobulin A-mediated diseases

Bronz, Gabriel; Faré, Pietro B.; Lava, Sebastiano A. G.; Bianchetti, Mario G.; Simonetti, Giacomo D.; Scoglio, Martin; Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli, Benedetta; Agostoni, Carlo; Milani, Gregorio P.

doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102899

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Journal article

Coronavirus disease 2019, vaccination against coronavirus and immunoglobulin A-mediated diseases : systematic literature review

Bronz, Gabriel Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
Faré, Pietro B. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
Lava, Sebastiano A. G. ORCID Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland - Heart Failure and Transplantation, Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Bianchetti, Mario G. Institute of Family Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland
Simonetti, Giacomo D. ORCID Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland
Scoglio, Martin ORCID Institute of Family Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland
Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli, Benedetta ORCID Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland - Epatocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland
Agostoni, Carlo ORCID Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy - Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Milani, Gregorio P. ORCID Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy - Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy

2022

Published in:

Journal of autoimmunity. - 2022, vol. 132, p. 102899

English Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been associated with autoimmune phenomena. However, the interplay between COVID-19 or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and Berger glomerulonephritis or Henoch-Schönlein vasculitis, two diseases mediated by immunoglobulin A, has never been comprehensively investigated. Therefore, we carried out a systematic review of the literature on this topic. Following databases were used: Google Scholar, Excerpta Medica and the United States National Library of Medicine. Eighty-seven patients with immunoglobulin A-mediated diseases associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination against coronavirus were sorted out (53% males, 47% females; 34 17-51 years of age, median and interquartile range): 47 cases of Berger glomerulonephritis and 40 of Henoch-Schönlein vasculitis. Approximately 50% (N = 24) of Berger glomerulonephritis and 10% (N = 4) of Henoch-Schönlein vasculitis patients presented with a pre-existing history of immunoglobulin A-mediated disease. Almost all cases of Berger glomerulonephritis were vaccine-associated (N = 44; 94%), while most cases of Henoch-Schönlein vasculitis were infection-associated (N = 23; 57%). Among vaccine-associated immunoglobulin A diseases, about 90% were associated to mRNA-based vaccines. Our analysis supports the hypothesis that COVID-19 and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 may trigger or exacerbate an immunoglobulin A-mediated diseases.

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