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Del Giorno_2022_MDPI_nutrients
Journal article

Association between alcohol intake and arterial stiffness in healthy adults : a systematic review

  • Del Giorno, Rosaria ORCID Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Unit, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valli, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland
  • Maddalena, Ania ORCID Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Unit, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valli, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland - Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
  • Bassetti, Stefano ORCID Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland - Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
  • Gabutti, Luca ORCID Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Unit, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valli, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland
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  • 2022
Published in:
  • Nutrients. - 2022, vol. 14, no. 6, p. 1207
arterial stiffness
pulse wave velocity
aortic stiffness
alcohol consumption
cardiovascular risk
English Background: Arterial stiffness as assessed by Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) represents an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease. Several dietary compounds and lifestyle factors could influence arterial stiffness. The debate on the significance of the correlation between alcohol consumption and arterial stiffness is still open, given that the relationship is complex and potentially affected by several factors such as alcohol type, consumption levels, gender and age differences. Objective: This systematic literature review aims to examine the evidence supporting an associa- tion between alcohol use and PWV, in electronic databases including PubMed/MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library, from January 2010 to November 2020. Screening and full-text reviews were per- formed by three investigators and data extraction by two. Considering the significant heterogeneity of data only a qualitative analysis (systematic review) was performed. Results: A total of 13 studies met the inclusion criteria. Alcohol consumption was independently associated with arterial stiffness in a J-shaped way in most of the studies included. A benefit of alcohol consumption on arterial stiffness was found in four experimental studies, whilst an unfavorable increasing linear association was found in four others. Associations were confirmed with both oscillometric and tonometric PWV assessment methods. In some studies, a gender and age correlation was found with a more pronouncedassociationinoldermales.Inallstudieselevatedlevelsofalcoholconsumptionwere associated with a worsening of arterial stiffness. Conclusions: Despite the variable findings across studies, the current review provides preliminary evidence that light-to-moderate alcohol consump- tion is associated with arterial stiffness values lower than expected, and evidence that high doses accelerate arterial ageing. These findings could be useful for clinicians who provide recommendations for patients at cardiovascular (CV) risk. Nevertheless, given the heterogeneity of study designs, interventions, measurement methods and statistical evaluations, the protective role of moderate alcohol consumption on arterial stiffness is likely but not certain, warranting additional trials and evidence.
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Language
  • English
Classification
Medicine
License
CC BY
Open access status
gold
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Persistent URL
https://n2t.net/ark:/12658/srd1322815
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