Journal article

Atypical bacterial pathogens and small-vessel leukocytoclastic vasculitis of the skin in children : systematic literature review

  • Betti, Céline Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland - Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
  • Camozzi, Pietro Department of Internal Medicine, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
  • Gennaro, Viola Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland
  • Bianchetti, Mario G. Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland
  • Scoglio, Martin Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland
  • Simonetti, Giacomo D. Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland - Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
  • Milani, Gregorio P. Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland - Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy - Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
  • Lava, Sebastiano A. G. Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
  • Ferrarini, Alessandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland - Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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    02.01.2021
Published in:
  • Pathogens. - 2021, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 9 p
English Leukocytoclastic small-vessel vasculitis of the skin (with or without systemic involvement) is often preceded by infections such as common cold, tonsillopharyngitis, or otitis media. Our purpose was to document pediatric (≤18 years) cases preceded by a symptomatic disease caused by an atypical bacterial pathogen. We performed a literature search following the Preferred Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We retained 19 reports including 22 cases (13 females and 9 males, 1.0 to 17, median 6.3 years of age) associated with a Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. We did not find any case linked to Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Chlamydophila psittaci, Coxiella burnetii, Francisella tularensis, or Legionella pneumophila. Patients with a systemic vasculitis (N = 14) and with a skin-limited (N = 8) vasculitis did not significantly differ with respect to gender and age. The time to recovery was ≤12 weeks in all patients with this information. In conclusion, a cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis with or without systemic involvement may occur in childhood after an infection caused by the atypical bacterial pathogen Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The clinical picture and the course of cases preceded by recognized triggers and by this atypical pathogen are indistinguishable.
Language
  • English
Classification
Pathology, clinical medicine
License
CC BY
Open access status
gold
Identifiers
Persistent URL
https://n2t.net/ark:/12658/srd1319406
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