Posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome associated with acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis : systematic review
- Orlando, Corinne Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Milani, Gregorio P. Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy - Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Simonetti, Giacomo D. Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland EOC, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland
- Goeggel Simonetti, Barbara Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland EOC, Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland - Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Lava, Sebastiano A. G. Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Wyttenbach, Rolf Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland - Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Bianchetti, Mario G. Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland - Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (DIPR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Cristallo Lacalamita, Marirosa Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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21.09.2021
Published in:
- Pediatric nephrology. - Springer. - 2022, vol. 37, p. 833 - 841
Acute brain capillary leak syndrome
Acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
Hypertensive encephalopathy
Posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome
English
Background Kidney diseases are a recognized cause of posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome, usually abbreviated as PRES. The purpose of this review was to systematically address the association between acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis and PRES. Methods We performed a systematic review of the literature on acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis associated with PRES. The principles recommended by the Economic and Social Research Council guidance on the conduct of narrative synthesis and on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses were used. Databases searched included Excerpta Medica, US National Library of Medicine, and Web of Science. Results For the final analysis, we evaluated 47 reports describing 52 cases (32 males and 20 females). Fifty patients were ≤ 18 years of age. Blood pressure was classified as follows: normal-elevated (n = 3), stage 1 hypertension (n = 3), stage 2 hypertension (n = 5), and severe hypertension (n = 41). Acute kidney injury was classified as stage 1 in 32, stage 2 in 16, and stage 3 in four cases. Neuroimaging studies disclosed a classic posterior PRES pattern in 28 cases, a diffuse PRES pattern in 23 cases, and a brainstem-cerebellum PRES pattern in the remaining case. Antihypertensive drugs were prescribed in all cases and antiepileptic drugs in cases presenting with seizures. A resolution of clinical findings and neuroimaging lesions was documented in all cases with information about follow-up. Conclusions The main factor associated with PRES in acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis is severe hypertension. Prompt clinical suspicion, rapid evaluation, and management of hypertension are crucial.
- Language
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- English
- Classification
- Medicine
- License
- CC BY
- Open access status
- hybrid
- Identifiers
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- RERO DOC 333713
- DOI 10.1007/s00467-021-05244-z
- ARK ark:/12658/srd1319272
- Persistent URL
- https://n2t.net/ark:/12658/srd1319272
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