Herpes simplex virus enhances chemokine function through modulation of receptor trafficking and oligomerization

Martinez-Martin, Nadia; Viejo-Borbolla, Abel; Martín, Rocío; Soledad, Blanco; Benovic, Jeffrey L.; Thelen, Marcus; Alcamí, Antonio

doi:10.1038/ncomms7163

Back

Journal article

Herpes simplex virus enhances chemokine function through modulation of receptor trafficking and oligomerization

Martinez-Martin, Nadia Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas—Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Viejo-Borbolla, Abel Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas—Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Martín, Rocío Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas—Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Soledad, Blanco Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas—Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Benovic, Jeffrey L. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Thelen, Marcus Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland
Alcamí, Antonio Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas—Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain - Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK

27.01.2015

Published in:

Nature communications. - 2015, vol. 6, p. 6163

English Glycoprotein G (gG) from herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2, important human neurotropic pathogens) is the first viral chemokine-binding protein found to potentiate chemokine function. Here we show that gG attaches to cell surface glycosaminoglycans and induces lipid raft clustering, increasing the incorporation of CXCR4 receptors into these microdomains. gG induces conformational rearrangements in CXCR4 homodimers and changes their intracellular partners, leading to sustained, functional chemokine/receptor complexes at the surface. This results in increased chemotaxis dependent on the cholesterol content of the plasma membrane and receptor association to Src-kinases and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase signalling pathways, but independent of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Furthermore, using electron microscopy, we show that such enhanced functionality is associated with the accumulation of low-order CXCR4 nanoclusters. Our results provide insights into basic mechanisms of chemokine receptor function and into a viral strategy of immune modulation.

Language