Pennini, Meghan E. De Marco, Anna Pelletier, Mark Bonnell, Jessica Cvitkovic, Romana Beltramello, Martina Cameroni, Elisabetta Bianchi, Siro Zatta, Fabrizia Zhao, Wei Xiao, Xiaodong Camara, Maria M. DiGiandomenico, Antonio Semenova, Elena Lanzavecchia, Antonio Warrener, Paul Suzich, JoAnn Wang, Qun Corti, Davide Stover, C. Kendall 2017-12-08 Emerging multidrug-resistant bacteria are a challenge for modern medicine, but how these pathogens are so successful is not fully understood. Robust antibacterial vaccines have prevented and reduced resistance suggesting a pivotal role for immunity in deterring antibiotic resistance. Here, we show the increased prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae lipopolysaccharide O2 serotype strains in all major drug resistance groups correlating with a paucity of anti-O2 antibodies in human B cell repertoires. We identify human monoclonal antibodies to O-antigens that are highly protective in mouse models of infection, even against heavily encapsulated strains. These antibodies, including a rare anti-O2 specific antibody, synergistically protect against drug-resistant strains in adjunctive therapy with meropenem, a standard-of-care antibiotic, confirming the importance of immune assistance in antibiotic therapy. These findings support an antibody-based immunotherapeutic strategy even for highly resistant K. pneumoniae infections, and underscore the effect humoral immunity has on evolving drug resistance. application/pdf https://susi.usi.ch/global/documents/318967 https://n2t.net/ark:/12658/srd1318967 https://susi.usi.ch/documents/318967/files/Pennini_NC_2017.pdf eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/s41467-017-02223-7 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/ark/12658/srd1318967 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY Nature communications. - 2017, vol. 8, p. 1991 info:eu-repo/classification/udc/61 Immune stealth-driven O2 serotype prevalence and potential for therapeutic antibodies against multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501